Main results of 2006 |
Major fundamental and applied research resultsPolymers based on viologen-substituted anilines For the first time polymers based on viologen-substituted anilines have been synthesized. Jointly with colleagues of MSU Faculty of Chemistry it has been shown that these polymers can fulfil a function of hydrogenase mediators in hydrogen oxygenation bioelectrocatalysis providing coupling of fermentative and electrode reactions. Positive viologen groups provide the required ferment orientation on the electrode, and polycoupling system – efficient charge transportation. Professor G.P. Karpacheva Nanostructures of quantum dots in the liquid-crystal matrix The idea of controlled quantum dots organization (nanostructures) in the polymer matrix has been realized by the example of thermotropic liquid-crystal comb-like polymers. The fact of cadmium selenide quantum dots localization and organization in smectic layers by the x-ray diffraction method. The threshold effect has been found for the first time during the research of nanocomposites photoluminescence concentration dependence: photoluminescence band connected with individual quantum dots appears at nanoparticles content > 5 wt%. Professor R.V. Talroze Unusual morphological and rheological effects in polymer melts filled with nanoparticles An unusual effect in polymer melts behavior was found during the injection of denotating diamond nanoparticles. Viscosity decreases 44% down at the 0.5% content of diamond nanoparticles in the styrene copolymer. One of the causes of such “non-Einsteinian” viscosity dependence on nanoparticles concentration may be unusual flow morphology, particularly formation of regular concentric rings by the particles. As can be seen from the continuous flow stages, filler particles grading to the rings can lead to a decrease in hydrodynamic resistance of the system due to slide of the whole layers instead of movement of single macromolecules. RAS corr.memb. V.G. Kulichikhin TIPS RAS developments prepared or assigned for the implementationTechnology of titanium-magnesium nanocatalysts production TIPS RAS developed an original production technology of high-efficient new-generation catalysts: universal titanium-magnesium nanosized catalytic systems (TMNC) for olefins and dienes polymerization. The TMNC synthesis process has been realized on the two TIPS RAS pilot units with the capacity of 3000 liters of catalyst per year. Professor E.M. Antipov Technology of slurry isoprene polymerization over a titanium-magnesium nanocatalyst The technology of slurry isoprene polymerization with TMNC has been developed for production of high-quality high-crystalline 1,4-transpolyizoprene polymer or synthetic gutta-percha (SGP) in the form of white granulated powder. The process has been successfully tested at the synthetic rubber plant “Toliattikauchuk” (SIBUR Holding ltd.) on the 3 m3 pilot plant with TMNC synthesized in TIPS RAS. The unit has been brought to operating mode with the capacity of 250 kg of polymer per shift or 50 tons of SGP per year.
SGP is a perspective material for production of nanocomposites widely used in tire, cable, footwear industry, different medicine branches: traumatology, orthopedics, restorative surgery. Professor E.M. Antipov Method of biological fluids steroid profile determination An original chemical chromatographic method of biological fluids (urine, blood, saliva) analysis has been developed which allows high-resolution determination of the steroid profile required for reliable noninvasive diagnostics of a number of endocrine, gynaecological and oncological diseases. The method allows to carry out analysis reliably and quickly (one day). Well-known and widely used in other countries methods of steroid profile determination take several days and cost 10 times higher. This method has been successfully tested in 30 Moscow and Moscow region clinics. The work is prepared for commercialization. Professor E.M. Antipov Solid capillary columns for gas chromatography Capillary columns have been for the first time used in gas chromatography. Their specific activity is close to specific column activity in liquid chromatography. Capillary columns are filled with solid block of porous inorganic (silica gel) or organic (divinylbenzene) polymer. Solid polymer block synthesis is carried out in situ, and produced polymer fills all the interior space of the capillary. Polymer pore size is determined by the synthesis conditions. Use of filled new-type capillary columns in gas chromatography allows to conduct high-efficient separation and 2-3 times cuts analysis time in comparison with use of traditional packed capillary columns. Doctor of Chemistry A.A. Kurganov Catalytic cracking of vacuum distillate TIPS RAS jointly with GrozNII, VNII refinery and VNIPINeft developed and introduced into production the first Russian technology of vacuum gasoil catalytic cracking (boiling range300-500°С) over zeolite catalysts which is highly competitive with the best foreign analogues. The purpose of the process is deepening of petroleum refining in order to produce high-quality gasoline components. The process allows to reach the target product (gasoline fraction) yield of 48-50 %wt. under processing of high-sulfur straight-run feed, and 54-56 %wt. – under processing of hydrotreated feed. Academician S.N. Khadzhiev Antifriction lube oil additives based on molybdenum trisulfide nanoparticles Following the research on production of novel high-efficient antifriction lube oil additives based on molybdenum trisulfide nanoparticles it has been determined that use of such additives in motor fuels allows to produce compositions meeting the highest international environment standards including Euro-4 of 2008. Professor O.P. Parenago Scientific-organizational and publishing activitiesIn 2006 the Institute organized the following scientific conferences:
In 2007 researchers of the Institute published the following monographs:
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